C) help to collaborate with each other
　　D) benefit on another
　　The question of whether war is inevitable is one which has concerned many of the world’s great writers. Before considering this question, it will useful to introduce some related concepts. Conflict, defined as opposition among social entities directed against one another is distinguished from competition, defined as opposition among social entities independently striving for some thing which is in inadequate supply. Competitors may not be aware of one another, while the parties to a conflict are. Conflict and vice of one another. Opposition is thus contrasted with cooperation, the process by which social entities function in the service of one another. These definitions are necessary because it is important to emphasize that competition between individuals or groups is inevitable in a world of limited resources, but conflict is not. Conflict, nevertheless, is very likely to occur, and is probably an essential and desirable element of human societies.
　　33. The word "precedent" (Line 1, Para.4) probably refers to __________.
　　 A) early acts for men to follow as examples
　　B) particular places for men to occupy especially because of their importance
　　C) things that men should agree upon
　　D) men’s beliefs that everything in the world has already been decided
　　 In the workplace, men have long had well defined precedents and role models for achieving success. It has been otherwise for women. A good many women in the business world are uncertain about the appropriate mixture of "masculine" an d "feminine" attributes they should convey by their professional clothing. The variety of clothing alternatives to women has also been greater than that avail able for men. Male administrators tend to judge women more favorably for managerial positions when the women display less "feminine" grooming(打扮)-shorter hair, moderate use of make up, and plain tailored clothing. As one male administrator confessed, "An attractive woman is definitely going to get a longer interview, but she won’t get a job."
　　29. The word "carcass"(Line 2, Para.3) most probably means"__________ ".
　　A) vegetables preserved for future use
　　B) the dead body of an animal ready to be cut into meat
　　C) expensive food that consumers can hardly afford
　　D) meat canned for future consumption
　　 This means one has to feed approximately 9--10 times as much food value to the animal than one can consume from the carcass. As a system for feeding the hungry, the effects can prove disastrous. At times of crisis, grain is the food of life.
　　31. The phrase "emanate from"in Paragraph 1 most probably means "______".
　　A) thrive on
　　B) account for
　　C) originate from
　　D) descend from
　　We all have offensive breath at one time or another. In most cases, offensive breath emanates from bacteria in the mouth, although there are other more causes. Until a few years ago, the most doctors could do was to counsel patients with bad breath about oral cleanliness. Now they are finding new ways to treat the usually curable condition.
　　文章中的并列關系·怎樣對付閱讀的長句
　　小的并列：成分并列，不容易出題。如果出題，選項應該概括所有并列成分，否則是錯誤選項。
　　大的并列：只出一題，應該提綱挈領。
　　What has the telephone done to us, or for us, in the hundred years of its existence? A few effects suggest themselves at once. ①It has saved lives by getting rapid word of illness, injury, or fire from remote places. ②By joining with the elevator to make possible the multistory residence or office building, it has made possible - for better or worse - the modern city. ③By bringing about a great leap in the speed and ease with which information moves from place to place, it has greatly accelerated the rate of scientific and technological changes and growth in industry. Beyond doubt ④it has seriously weakened if not killed the ancient art of letter writing. ⑤It has made living alone possible for persons with normal social impulses; by so doing, it has played a role in one of the greatest social changes of this century, the breakup of the multi-generational household. ⑥It has made the war chillingly more efficient than formerly. Perhaps, though not provably (可證實), it has prevented wars that might have arisen out of international misunderstanding caused by written communication. Or perhaps - again not provable - by magnifying and extending irrational personal conflicts based on voice contact, it has caused wars. Certainly it has extended the scope of human conflicts, since it impartially disseminates (傳播) the useful knowledge of scientists and the nonsense of the ignorant, the affection of the affectionate and the malice (惡意) of the malicious.
　　22. According to the passage, it is the telephone that ______.
　　A) has made letter writing an art
　　B) has prevented wars by avoiding written communication
　　C) has made the world different from what it was
　　D) has caused wars by magnifying and extending human conflicts
　　注：A應該是削弱
　　To protect the interests of their members in the era of automation, unions have adopted a number of new policies. One of these is the ①promotion of supplementary unemployment benefit plans. It is emphasized that since the employer involved in such a plan has a direct financial interest in preventing unemployment, he will have a strong drive for planning new installations so as to cause the least possible problems in jobs and job assignments. Some unions are working for dismissal pay agreements, requiring that permanently dismissed workers be paid a sum of money based on length of service. Another approach is the idea of the "improvement factor", which calls for wage increases based on increases in productivity. It is possible, however, that labour will rely mainly on reduction in working hours in order to gain a full share in the fruits of automation.
　　32. From the third paragraph of the passage, we can conclude that young adults t end to believe that certain types of clothing can __________.
　　A) change people’s conservative attitudes toward their lifestyle
　　B) help young people make friends with the opposite sex
　　C) make them competitive in the job market
　　D) help them achieve success in their interpersonal relationships